Tummy Flu

What is the Tummy Flu?

The tummy flu, otherwise known as gastroenteritis or stomach virus is an irritation in the intestines and stomach.  Although it is commonly confused with the influenza virus, especially in young children since flu symptoms in children are so similar, the two illnesses have nothing to do with one another.

This type of stomach irritation is also commonly referred by many people as being the 24-hour flu since it typically goes away without any outside treatment in about one day.

Causes

Any germs that have found their way into your body to cause a tummy flu probably got there through your mouth.  There are many different viruses that can cause this illness such as noroviruses, rotaviruses, adenoviruses, astroviruses and sapoviruses.  Contrary to popular belief, the stomach flu is not caused by bacteria, parasites or various types of medication.

Symptoms

Nearly everyone who has gastroenteritis is affected with the same symptoms.  Watery diarrhea and vomiting  are common and may be accompanied with fever, headache and abdominal cramps.  Symptoms typically don’t begin for at least 1 to 2 days after infection and they may last up to 12 days.

Is it Serious?

Nearly everyone who has a stomach flu recovers without any negative long-term side effects.  It is not considered a serious or dangerous illness unless dehydration occurs.  This is especially common in babies, young children, elderly or disabled individuals who are not able to care for themselves and replace the fluids that they are losing fast enough.  Additionally, immune compromised individuals are also at higher risk for infection because they typically are affected more severely from the virus.  It is not uncommon for these individuals to require hospitalization to correct or prevent dehydration.

It is important to understand that the tummy flu is contagious.  Viruses that are responsible are spread just as easily through close contact with another individual who is infected.  However, most people receive the illness through ingesting contaminated beverages and food.

How do the Viruses Contaminate Food?

Food is easily contaminated by handlers or preparers who have a virus and do not take the time to wash their hands thoroughly after they use the bathroom.  Shellfish is a number one culprit as it can easily be contaminated with sewage.  Also, if you eat undercooked or raw shellfish that is contaminated, a severe case of diarrhea is inevitable.  In some areas, water can also become contaminated and spread the virus.

Treatment

Preventing severe fluid loss is the most important form of treatment.  This should begin at home.  Doctors will often recommend that adults drink Gatoraid or other sport drinks with electrolytes and salted pretzels usually help retain water.

If you have young children or infants in your home, an oral rehydration solution should always be kept on hand for these types of situations.  Be sure to follow directions precisely and use boiled or clean water.  It is important to note that antibiotics have absolutely no effect on viruses and should be avoided unless a qualified medical professional recommends them.

Prevention

As with any other illness, prevention is key!  You can significantly reduce your chance of being infected by a stomach virus through frequent hand washing and promptly cleaning and disinfecting household surfaces that could be contaminated.  Always wash your fruits and vegetables thoroughly and stay away from any food that is questionable.

Currently there are also two licensed rotovirus vaccines that are available to prevent the tummy flu as well.  These are primarily used in young children and infants to prevent the risk of dehydration.